The Effect of The Nursing Image Used in the Red Crescent and Child Welfare Agency Stamps Between 1912-1958 on the Social Perception of Women: A Review

¹Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Graduate School of Education, Nursing Management PhD Program Student, Istanbul, Turkey
²Istanbul Topkap� University, Faculty of Fine Arts, Design and Architecture, Department of Graphic Design, Istanbul, Turkey
³Istanbul University-Cerrahpa�a, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Department of Nursing Administration, Istanbul, Turkey

Introduction: Nursing and its image were introduced to Turkish society for the first time with stamps by the government.
Aim: This study aims to investigate the nurse figures and the reasons for their use, how the nurse image is reflected in society, and what discourses are intended to be communicated domestically and internationally on the stamps commemorating the end of the Ottoman Empire and the beginning of the Republic of Turkey.
Method: Nurse figures on the Red Crescent and Child Welfare Agency compassion stamps, which were used together with postage stamps between 1912-1958, are analyzed with the document analysis method and content analysis and critical discourse analysis design.
Results: It can be seen that the woman was represented in an official document as a nurse, side by side and equal with a man, for the first time by the state during the era when stamps were issued.
Conclusion: It has been seen that the perception of women in the world and society is conveyed with these stamps as an individual who has a profession and participates in social and economic life, the importance is given to nursing, the efforts to encourage the profession, the emotion and value of institutions such as power, respect, compassion, and trust are conveyed with nurse figures on the stamps.

Keywords:

1912-1958 Y�llar� K�z�lay ve �ocuk Esirgeme Kurumu Pullar�nda Kullan�lan Hem�ire �mgesinin Toplumsal Kad�n Alg�s�na Etkisi: Dok�man �ncelemesi

¹�stanbul �niversitesi-Cerrahpa�a, Lisan�st� E�itim Enstit�s�, Hem�irelikte Y�netim Doktora Program� ��rencisi, �stanbul, T�rkiye
²�stanbul Topkap� �niversitesi, G�zel Sanatlar, Tasar�m ve Mimarl�k Fak�ltesi, Grafik Tasar�m B�l�m�, �stanbul, T�rkiye
³�stanbul �niversitesi-Cerrahpa�a, Florence Nightingale Hem�irelik Fak�ltesi, Hem�irelikte Y�netim Anabilim Dal�, �stanbul, T�rkiye

Giri�: Pul, tam ba��ms�zl�k arac� olarak, �lke i�inde ve d��nda devletleri temsil eden, toplumsal alg�y� etkileyen sosyoekonomik g�stergelerdendir. Pullar�n i�erikleri ve mesajlar� iktidar taraf�ndan belirlenmektedir. Hem�irelik mesle�i, T�rk toplumuna ilk kez devlet eliyle pullarla tan�t�lm��t�r.
Ama�: Osmanl� Devleti�nin son d�nemi ile yeni kurulan T�rkiye Cumhuriyeti�nde bas�lan pullardaki hem�ire fig�rlerinin; kullan�m nedeninin, hem�ire imgesinin topluma nas�l yans�t�ld��n�n, yurt i�ine ve yurt d��na hangi s�ylemlerin aktar�lmaya �al��ld��n�n incelenmesidir.
Y�ntem: 1912-1958 y�llar� aras�nda posta pullar�yla birlikte kullan�lan K�z�lay ve �ocuk Esirgeme Kurumu Pullar�nda yer alan hem�ire fig�rleri, dok�man analizi y�ntemlerinden i�erik analizi ve ele�tirel s�ylem analizi tasar�m�yla incelenmi�tir.
Bulgular: Kad�n bir erkek ile yan yana ve e�it olarak ilk kez devlet eliyle, resmi bir evrakta hem�ire olarak resmedilmi�tir. Toplumda edilgen halde bulunan kad�n�n pullarda asker, bayrak ve hem�ire imgesi ile g��lendi�i, �a�da� kad�n imgesinin T�rk toplumuna ve d�nyaya hem�ire fig�r�yle aktar�ld�� g�r�lm��t�r.
Sonu�: T�rk tarihinde hem�irelik devlet taraf�ndan y�celtilerek, kad�nlar� mesle�e y�nlendirmek amac�yla hem�irelik fig�r� olumlu toplumsal alg� olu�turmada kullan�lm��t�r. Ayr�ca, d�nyaya ve topluma kad�n alg�s�n�n meslek sahibi, sosyal ve ekonomik ya�ama kat�l�m sa�layan birey olarak bu pullarla aktar�ld��, hem�ireli�e verilen �nemi, mesle�e �zendirme �al��malar�n�, g��, sayg�, �efkat ve g�ven gibi kurumlara duyulan duygu ve de�erin pullarda hem�ire fig�rleri ile aktar�ld�� g�r�lm��t�r.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Nesrin �zdil, Bahad�r Elal, �lk� Baykal. The Effect of The Nursing Image Used in the Red Crescent and Child Welfare Agency Stamps Between 1912-1958 on the Social Perception of Women: A Review. Journal of Health and Nursing Management. 2022; 9(2): 200-216

Corresponding Author: Nesrin �zdil, T�rkiye